inversion

noun

1. The action of inverting.
2. The act of being in an inverted state; being upside down, inside out, or in a reverse sequence.
3. The reversal of an interval; the move of one pitch in an interval up or down an octave.
4. The position of a chord which has a note other than the root as its bass note.
5. The flipping of a melody or contrapuntal line so that high notes become low and vice versa; the reversal of a pitch contour.
6. A segment of DNA in the context of a chromosome that is reversed in orientation relative to a reference karyotype or genome.
7. A situation where air temperature increases with altitude (the ground being colder than the surrounding air).
8. A section of a roller coaster where passengers are temporarily turned upside down.
9. Deviation from standard word order, as for example by putting the predicate before the subject. It takes place in questions with auxiliary verbs; in normal, affirmative clauses beginning with a negative particle, for the purpose of emphasis; and in other rhetorical devices or unusual situations.
10. An operation on a group, analogous to negation.
11. Homosexuality, particularly in early psychoanalysis.
12. The catalytic action of invertase.